The products like potassium permanganate and sodium bichromate play an important role in medicine industry. Potassium permanganate can be used for sterilization, corrosion protection, treatment, disease prevention, etc in medicine industry because of its strong oxidizing property, and its main usage includes: medicine/pesticide intermediate; prevention and treatment of wound, ulcer, aphtha, abscess, hemorrhoids, gynecopathy and andropathy; significant effect for detoxifcation of neurotoxin and hemotoxin. Chrome of sodium bichromate product is a kind of element necessary for enzyme making, belongs to measurable element of nutriology as iron, iodine, copper, etc, and is mainly used as raw materials of medical and health care products and k3 feed additives based on its characteristics.
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| Oxidant for medicine production | In the synthesis of medicine intermediate, many kinds of compounds can be obtained by means of oxidizing reaction, e.g., oxygen compounds like alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, hydroxybenzene, chinone and epoxide as well as dehydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbon and aromatic compound. The oxidizing reaction is realized in the condition that oxidant like potassium permanganate or oxidation catalyst exists. The drugs concerned includes sulbactam, Tazobactam, pentacarboxylic acid, caronic anhydride, caffeine, rivanol, ketoprofen, hydrocortisone, etc. |
When KMnO4 reacts with organic substances, different oxidation products will be produced if reaction conditions and media are different. Therefore, drug synthesis workers can research and synthesize drugs by selecting different media, synthesis conditoins and synthesis methods. KMnO4 oxidation mechanism is relatively complicated. For example, for its oxidation secondary alcohol, when one permanganic acid radical collides with one secondary alcohol molecule, one permanganic acid radical can absorb three electrons, but one secondary alcohol molecule can only provide two electrons, manganese element can only be reduced from positive heptavalent to positive quinquevalent, i.e., it can only be changed into hypo-manganese acid radical (MnO43-). This is a very instable state. It can become manganese acid radicals (MnO42-) and MnO2 by the following disproportionation. It can be seen that the oxidation of organic substances by KMnO4 in subacid, neutral or alkaline solution can produce not only permanganic acid radical but also hypo-manganese acid radical and manganese acid radical, so the reaction mechanism is complicated. If hydrophilic group exists in alkane molecule, it can also be oxidized. Specific production shall be carried out in accordance with production specifications. |
| Removal of iron and manganese for medicine production |
Potassium permanganate, as a kind of strong oxidant, can oxidize divalent iron and divalent manganese in the solution into precipitable tervalent iron and quadrivalent manganese in the production processes of zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and zinc oxide so as to remove iron and manganese impurities inside. Add zinc oxide into dilute sulfuric acid solution and prepare them into paste. After they react completely, filter the solution, add zinc powder in to swap out copper, cadmium, nickel, etc, filter the solution, heat the filtrate, add potassium permanganate in to oxidize the impurities like iron and manganese, filter the solution again, and clarify, concentrate, cool, crystallize, centrifugalize and dry the filtrate. This can be realized by dipping baked zinc powder in sulfuric acid. Products concerned include: zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc oxide, etc. |
Taking zinc sulfate for example: the iron removal result will affect the product quality directly in the production process of zinc sulfate, so it is very important to seek for a suitable iron removal process. Oxidation by oxygen (or air) in combination with hydrogen peroxide is used for iron removal, with good effect and controllable operating condition and without introduction of other impurities, beneficial to manufacture highly purified zinc sulfate products. Optimum conditions of this process is as follows: for oxidation by oxygen (or air), solution pH value 4~5, reaction temperature 85~90, oxidation time 2~3h; for oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, solution pH value 3~4, reaction temperature 80~85, oxidation time 3~4h, dosage of hydrogen peroxide 2~3g/L; iron content in the solution can be controlled below 0.01g/L. Send the filtrate into replacement reaction kettle, heat the reaction kettle to 80℃, add zinc powder in to swap out heavy metal impurities like copper and lead, press-filter the displacement liquid to swap out heavy metals like copper and lead. Send the replacement and press filtrate into the oxidation reactor, hold the temperature above 80℃, add potassium permanganate in, heat the reactor to boil the solution and oxidize iron, manganese and organic substances. And then adjust the material pH value to 5.1 by 99% zinc oxide (neutralize excessive sulfuric acid), make the solution react for 2 hours and press-filter it for removal of iron and manganese. |
| Oxidant for pesticide production |
In the synthesis of pesticide intermediate and pesticide technical product, many kinds of compounds can be obtained by means of oxidizing reaction, e.g., oxygen compounds like alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, hydroxybenzene, chinone and epoxide as well as dehydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbon, and aromatic compound. Oxidizing reaction is realized in the condition that oxidant like potassium permanganate or oxidation catalyst exists. |
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| Medical sterilization | Bacteria can be sterilized by means of oxidability of potassium permanganate, and skin wound, ulcer, thrush, abscess, mouth ulceration and decayed tooth can be sterilized in a certain proportion. |
In clinic, skin wound, ulcer, thrush, abscess, etc are often irrigated with 1:2000～1:5000 solution. ① Accurately control the solution concentration. If the concentration is too high, partial corrosion or fester may be caused; ② Time shall be taken into account in solution preparation. Because potassium permanganate releases oxygen slowly, bacteria must be killed when soak time reaches 5 minutes; ③ Solution shall be prepared with cold boiled water rather than hot water, otherwise it will fail; |
| Medical corrosion protection | Infected wound surface can be sterilized by means of oxidability of potassium permanganate so as to further inhibit the degeneration. |
Infected wound surface, festered wound, furuncle, bedsore, etc can be cleaned with 1:1000 potassium permanganate powder solution. ① Accurately control the solution concentration. If the concentration is too high, partial corrosion or fester may be caused; ② Time shall be taken into account in solution preparation. Because potassium permanganate releases oxygen slowly, bacteria must be killed when soak time reaches 5 minutes; ③ Solution shall be prepared with cold boiled water rather than hot water, otherwise it will fail; |
| Medical deodorization | By means its oxidability, potassium permanganate can play roles in stopping itching, diminishing inflammation, preventing infection from spreading, effectively deodorizing underarm odour and foot odour, treating tinea pedis by immersion cleaning, etc. |
External washing by 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution helps to mitigate the underarm odour; dermatophytosis patient can also have a foot bath with this solution to stop itching and mitigate foot odour. ① Accurately control the solution concentration. If the concentration is too high, partial corrosion or fester may be caused; ② Time shall be taken into account in solution preparation. Because potassium permanganate releases oxygen slowly, bacteria must be killed when soak time reaches 5 minutes; ③ Solution shall be prepared with cold boiled water rather than hot water, otherwise it will fail; |
| Gynecopathy prevention and treatment | By means of its oxidability, potassium permanganate can play roles in diminishing inflammation, stopping itching, sterilization, etc, have obvious effects in gynecopathy prevention and treatment and are also used widely in male genital diseases. |
1. 0.01% potassium permanganate aqueous solution can be used for vaginal irrigation; 2. 0.02% aqueous solution can be used to have a bath and treat leukorrh; in honeymoon, 0.05% aqueous solution can be used to irrigate pudenda in order to prevent urinary system from being infected. |
| Treatment of hemorrhoids | By means of its oxidability, potassium permanganate can be used to killing bacteria effectively. | Hemorrhoids which have high incidence can be soaked in the basin with 0.1% aqueous solution to stop itching, arrest pain, prevent infection and make prolapsed haemorrhoids restored. |
| Medical detoxifcation | With its strong oxidability, bacterial microorganism tissue can be oxidized and destoryed so as to realize sterilization and detoxifcation, especially effective for neurotoxin and hemotoxin, e.g., snake venom, poisoning by wild plant and poisoning by morphine opiumdetoxifcation. |
1. Potassium permanganate with concentration about 0.002% can be used as alexipharmic: press poisoning patient’s throat by fingers, make him/her vomit unabsorbed medicine or poison, and make the medicine or poison remaining in his/her stomach fail due to oxidation by potassium permanganate; 2. After someone is bitten by a snake, immediately bind up around the wound, remove the broken teeth, explore the wound by knife not too deep, and fill the wound with little potassium permanganate. 3. When someone eats a plant by mistake in the field, try to lavage his/her stomach with 1:1000-1:4000 potassium permanganate solution. This concentration can be checked simply by gazing at the solution and determining that it is light purple or light red. There are two ways available: (1) Lavage stomach with 0.04% potassium permanganate solution, have 0.4% potassium permanganate or 0.1% tannic acid taken orally, inject atropine and caffeine hypodermically till areflexia, and do not have emetic taken. (2) Add 1ml iodine tincture into 500ml water, inject the solution by gastric tube, and lavage stomach with 1:2000 - 5000 potassium permanganate solution to oxidize morphine, or with active carbon (1g/L) suspension to absorb unabsorbed morphine. After gastric lavage, inject 60ml (or 15 - 30g) 50% potassium sulfate by gastric tube, and inject active carbon suspension by rectum for catharsis. |
| Medical and health care additives | Chromium is a kind of measurable element of nutriology as iron, iodine, copper and zinc and is necessary for enzyme making, but enzyme contributes to sugar metabolism and regulation of blood glucose concentration. If chromium is insufficient, blood glucose concentration will be disturbed. | Health care products using this product include: chromium-rich yeast, chromium tri-picolinate, chromium tri-nicotinate, etc. Specific production and use methods shall accord with national codes. |
| Vitamine K3 | Chromium is a kind of measurable element of nutriology as iron, iodine, copper and zinc and is necessary for enzyme making, but enzyme contributes to sugar metabolism and regulation of blood glucose concentration. If chromium is insufficient, blood glucose concentration will be disturbed. | / |
